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Use of Pointers in C++

  • A pointer is a variable that holds a memory address.

Declaring a pointer

Eg:- int *k or int* k 

Pointer operators

*<PointerName> - to obtain the value of the variable the pointer is pointed to
Eg: *k

&<Pointer/VariableName> - to obtain the memory address of the pointer or the variable
Eg: &k

Assigning a value

int *m; //declaring the pointer
int num=2; //declaring the variable
m=&num; //assigning the memory address of 'num' to the pointer 'm'

Consider the following program

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
        int var1=11;
        int var2=12;
        int *ptr1, *ptr2, *ptr3;

        ptr1=&var1; //memory address of var1 is assigned to ptr1 or ptr1 is pointed to var1's location 
        ptr2=&var2; //memory address of var2 is assigned to ptr2 or ptr2 is pointed to var2's location 
        ptr3=ptr2;


        cout<< *ptr1 << "\t" << *ptr2<< "\t"  << *ptr3 << endl; //11    12    12

        ptr2=ptr1; //memory address of var1 is assigned to ptr2



        cout<< *ptr1 << "\t" << *ptr2<< "\t"  << *ptr3 << endl; //11   11    12

        *ptr1=*ptr3; // the value of ptr3 is assigned as the value to ptr1


        cout<< *ptr1 << "\t" << *ptr2<< "\t"  << *ptr3 << endl; //12    12    12

        return 0;
}













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